Nine-primaried oscine

Nine-primaried oscines (Latin oscen, from a singing bird) are a group of passerines in the Passeroidea superfamily. They are named because they appear to have nine primaries, however; they actually have ten, but it is hidden under the ninth primary covert

It contains the following families:


 * 1) Motacillidae
 * 2) Fringillidae
 * 3) Calcariidae
 * 4) Rhodinocichlidae
 * 5) Emberizidae
 * 6) Passerellidae
 * 7) Phaenicophilidae
 * 8) Icteridae
 * 9) Parulidae
 * 10) Mitrospingidae
 * 11) Cardinalidae
 * 12) Thraupidae