Neotropical parrot

The Neotropical parrots belong to the subfamily Arinae part of the family of the true parrots Psittacidae. Several species and one of the 32 modern genera have become extinct in recent centuries. Though fairly few fossils of modern parrots are known, most of these are from Arini. They attest that modern genera were mostly distinct by the Pleistocene, a few million years ago.

They consist of two main groups, easily recognized as short-tailed and long-tailed species.

Taxonomy
The taxonomy of the Neotropical parrots is not yet fully resolved, but the following subdivision is supported by solid studies.


 * Tribe Arini
 * Cyanoliseus – Burrowing Parrot
 * Enicognathus (2 species)
 * Rhynchopsitta – thick-billed parrots (2 species)
 * Pyrrhura (around two dozen species, one possibly recently extinct)
 * Anodorhynchus – blue macaws (2 living species, 1 probably recently extinct)
 * Leptosittaca – Golden-plumed Parakeet
 * Ognorhynchus – Yellow-eared Parrot
 * Diopsittaca – Red-shouldered Macaw
 * Guarouba – Golden Parakeet
 * Conuropsis – Carolina Parakeet (extinct)
 * Cyanopsitta – Spix's Macaw (critically endangered)
 * Orthopsittaca – Red-bellied Macaw
 * Ara – true macaws (8 living species, and at least one recently extinct)
 * Primolius – some of the smaller macaws (3 species, previously called Propyrrhura)
 * Aratinga – small long-tailed parakeets (nearly 25 living species, at least one recently extinct)
 * Nandayus – also called Black-hooded Parakeet or Nanday Parakeet
 * Tribe Androglossini
 * Pionopsitta – Pileated Parrot
 * Triclaria – Blue-bellied Parrot
 * Pyrilia (7 species; all previously included in Pionopsitta).
 * Pionus (7 or 8 species)
 * Graydidascalus – Short-tailed Parrot
 * Alipiopsitta – Yellow-faced Parrot (previously in Amazona, Salvatoria)
 * Amazona – amazon parrots (about 30 living species - one subspecies recently extinct)
 * Incertae sedis
 * Pionites – caiques (2 species)
 * Deroptyus – Red-fan Parrot
 * Hapalopsittaca (4 species)
 * Nannopsittaca (2 species)
 * Psilopsiagon (2 species, formerly in Bolborhynchus)
 * Bolborhynchus (3 species)
 * Touit (8 species)
 * Brotogeris (8 species)
 * Myiopsitta (1-2 species)
 * Forpus (7 species)