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Filozoa
File:Elephant-ear-sponge.jpg
Orange elephant ear sponge, Agelas clathrodes, in foreground. Two corals in the background: a sea fan, Iciligorgia schrammi, and a sea rod, Plexaurella nutans.
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
(unranked) Opisthokonta
(unranked) Choanozoa or Holozoa
(unranked) Filozoa
Kingdom and classes
  • Filasterea
  • Choanoflagellatea
  • Metazoa

The Filozoa are a monophyletic grouping within the Opisthokonta. They include animals along with their nearest unicellular relatives (those organisms which are more closely related to animals than to fungi or Mesomycetozoa).[1]

Three groups are currently assigned to the clade Filozoa:

Cladogram[]

Opisthokonta  


Fungi



Nucleariida



Holozoa

Mesomycetozoa


Filozoa

Filasterea




Choanoflagellatea



Animalia






Characteristics[]

The ancestral opisthokont cell is assumed to have possessed slender filose (thread-like) projections or 'tentacles'. In some opisthokonts (Mesomycetozoa and Corallochytrium) these were lost. They are retained in Filozoa, where they are simple and non-tapering, with a rigid core of actin bundles (contrasting with the flexible, tapering and branched filopodia of nucleariids and the branched rhizoids and hyphae of fungi). In choanoflagellates and in the most primitive animals, namely sponges, they aggregate into a filter-feeding collar around the cilium or flagellum; this is thought to be an inheritance from their most recent common filozoan ancestor.[1]

References[]

  1. ^ a b Shalchian-Tabrizi K., Minge M.A., Espelund M.; et al. (2008). Aramayo, Rodolfo, ed. "Multigene phylogeny of choanozoa and the origin of animals". PLoS ONE. 3 (5): e2098. PMC 2346548Freely accessible. PMID 18461162. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002098. 
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