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{{speciesbox |
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− | | name = Great |
+ | | name = Great Auk |
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Neogene|0.0001|[[Neogene]] – Late [[Holocene]]|ref=<ref>{{cite book |last1=Finlayson |first1=Clive |title=Avian survivors: The History and Biogeography of Palearctic Birds |date=18 December 2011 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=9781408137314 |page=157 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zvnUBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA157&lpg=PA157&dq=great+auk+Mya+25+mya&source=bl&ots=tQ8mNat-B0&sig=ACfU3U11jsmzWa4G75LBgF4-7X05F-N7oA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwib0KWssNrpAhXqTN8KHZyBC34Q6AEwAHoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=great%20auk%20Mya%2025%20mya&f=false}}</ref>}} |
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Neogene|0.0001|[[Neogene]] – Late [[Holocene]]|ref=<ref>{{cite book |last1=Finlayson |first1=Clive |title=Avian survivors: The History and Biogeography of Palearctic Birds |date=18 December 2011 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=9781408137314 |page=157 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zvnUBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA157&lpg=PA157&dq=great+auk+Mya+25+mya&source=bl&ots=tQ8mNat-B0&sig=ACfU3U11jsmzWa4G75LBgF4-7X05F-N7oA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwib0KWssNrpAhXqTN8KHZyBC34Q6AEwAHoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=great%20auk%20Mya%2025%20mya&f=false}}</ref>}} |
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==Taxonomy== |
==Taxonomy== |
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+ | {{clade| style=font-size:100%; line-height:100% |
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+ | |1={{clade |
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+ | |1={{clade |
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+ | |1=''[[Alle alle]]'' (Little Auk) |
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+ | |2={{clade |
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+ | |1={{clade |
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+ | |1=''[[Uria aalge]]'' (Common Murre) |
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+ | |2=''[[Uria lomvia]]'' (Thick-billed Murre)}} |
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+ | |2={{clade |
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+ | |1=''[[Alca torda]]'' (Razorbill) |
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+ | |2='''''Pinguinus impennis''''' ('''Great Auk''') }} }} }} |
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+ | |2={{clade |
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+ | |1={{clade |
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+ | |1=''[[Brachyramphus marmoratus]]'' (Marbled Murrelet) |
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+ | |2=''[[Brachyramphus brevirostris]]'' (Kittlitz's Murrelet)}} |
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+ | |2={{clade |
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+ | |1=''[[Cepphus grylle]]'' (Black Guillemot) |
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+ | |2={{clade |
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+ | |1=''[[Cepphus columba]]'' (Pigeon Guillemot) |
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+ | |2=''[[Cepphus carbo]]'' (Spectacled Guillemot)}} }} }} }} }} |
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===Similar and related species=== |
===Similar and related species=== |
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+ | The Great Auk resembled a larger Razorbill.<ref name="CompleteBirds"/> |
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− | |||
==Behaviour== |
==Behaviour== |
Revision as of 16:42, 31 May 2020
Great Auk Temporal range: Neogene – Late Holocene[1] | |
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Specimen No. 8 and replica egg in the Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, Glasgow | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Clade: | Aequorlitornithes |
Order: | Charadriiformes |
Suborder: | Lari |
Family: | Alcidae |
Genus: | †Pinguinus Bonnaterre, 1791 |
Species: | †P. impennis |
Binomial name | |
Pinguinus impennis (Linnaeus, 1758) | |
Approximate range (in blue) with known breeding sites indicated by yellow marks[3][4] | |
Synonyms | |
List
|
The Great Auk (Pinguinus impennis) is a species of flightless alcid that became extinct in the mid-19th century. It was the only modern species in the genus Pinguinus.
The Great Auk was the original "penguin" -- a massive, flightless, black-and-white Atlantic alcid. It was hunted to extinction by the middle of the 19th century. It had a rapid, wing-propelled underwater flight.[5]
Taxonomy
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The Great Auk resembled a larger Razorbill.[5]
Behaviour
Diet
Calls
Reproduction
Distribution/habitat
References
- ^ Finlayson, Clive (18 December 2011). Avian survivors: The History and Biogeography of Palearctic Birds. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 157. ISBN 9781408137314.
- ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Pinguinus impennis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ^ Grieve, Symington (1885). The Great Auk, or Garefowl: Its history, archaeology, and remains. Thomas C. Jack, London.
- ^ Parkin, Thomas (1894). The Great Auk, or Garefowl. J.E. Budd, Printer. Retrieved 14 May 2010.
- ^ a b Dunn, Jon L. and Alderfer, Jonathan (2011). National Geographic Completely Birds of North America. National Geographic Society. ISBN 9781426213731.
External links
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