| Haptophytes | |
|---|---|
| File:Coccolithus pelagicus.jpg | |
| Coccolithophore (Coccolithus pelagicus) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Chromalveolata |
| Division: | Haptophyta Hibberd 1976 |
| Classes & Orders | |
|
Class Pavlovophyceae
Class Prymnesiophyceae
| |
The haptophytes, classified either as the Prymnesiophyta or Haptophyta, are a division of algae.
The term "Haptophyceae" is sometimes used.[1][2] This ending implies classification at a lower level. However, although the phylogenetics of this group has become much more understood in recent years, there remains some dispute over which taxon level is most appropriate.
Characteristics[]
The chloroplasts are pigmented similarly to those of the heterokonts,[3] but the structure of the rest of the cell is different, so it may be that they are a separate line whose chloroplasts are derived from similar endosymbionts.
The cells typically have two slightly unequal flagella, both of which are smooth, and a unique organelle called a haptonema, which is superficially similar to a flagellum but differs in the arrangement of microtubules and in its use. The name comes from the Greek hapsis, touch, and nema, thread. The mitochondria have tubular cristae.
Economic importance[]
Haptophytes are economically important as Pavlova lutheri and Isochrysis sp. are widely used in the aquaculture industries.
Examples and classification[]
The best-known haptophytes are coccolithophores, which have an exoskeleton of calcareous plates called coccoliths. Coccolithophores are some of the most abundant marine phytoplankton, especially in the open ocean and are extremely abundant as microfossils. Other planktonic haptophytes of note include Chrysochromulina and Prymnesium, which periodically form toxic marine algal blooms, and Phaeocystis blooms of which can produce unpleasant foam which often accumulates on beaches. Both molecular and morphological evidence supports their division into five orders; coccolithophores make up the Isochrysidales and Coccolithales. Very small (2-3μm) uncultured pico-prymnesiophytes are ecologically important[4]
Haptophytes are closely related to cryptomonads.[5]
References[]
- ^ "www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov".
- ^ Satoh M, Iwamoto K, Suzuki I, Shiraiwa Y (2009). "Cold stress stimulates intracellular calcification by the coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi (Haptophyceae) under phosphate-deficient conditions". Mar. Biotechnol. 11 (3): 327–33. ISBN 1012600891470 Check
|isbn=value: invalid prefix (help). PMID 18830665. doi:10.1007/s10126-008-9147-0. - ^ R.A. Anderson. American Journal of Botany 91(10): 1508-1522. 2004. Biology and Systematics of Heterokont and Haptophyte Algae.
- ^ doi:10.1073/pnas.1001665107
This citation will be automatically completed in the next few minutes. You can jump the queue or expand by hand - ^ Reeb VC, Peglar MT, Yoon HS; et al. (2009). "Interrelationships of chromalveolates within a broadly sampled tree of photosynthetic protists". Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 53 (1): 202–11. PMID 19398025. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.04.012. Unknown parameter
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External links[]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Haptophyta |
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Wikispecies has information related to: http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Haptophyta |
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Template:Cryptophyta and haptophyta
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