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{{automatic Taxobox |
{{automatic Taxobox |
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| name = Meliphagoidea |
| name = Meliphagoidea |
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| − | | image = |
+ | | image = Little Wattlebird.png |
| image_width = 240px |
| image_width = 240px |
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| image_caption = [[Little Wattlebird]]<br/>(''Anthochaera chrysoptera'', [[Meliphagidae]]) |
| image_caption = [[Little Wattlebird]]<br/>(''Anthochaera chrysoptera'', [[Meliphagidae]]) |
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| − | '''Meliphagoidea/Meliphagida''' is |
+ | '''Meliphagoidea/Meliphagida''' is an [[infraorder]] of [[passerine]] birds. They contain a vast diversity of small to mid-sized [[songbird]]s widespread in the Austropacific region. The [[Australia (continent)|Australian Continent]] has the largest richness in [[genera]] and [[species]]. |
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| + | ==Description== |
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| + | Most honeyeaters are dull green, grey or brown, with some black, white or yellow markings. Australian chats are red, yellow, or black and white, with males being more brightly coloured than females.<ref name="Honeyeaters">{{FireflyBirds|author={{refsmallcaps|Clark, Michael, and Wooller, Ron D.}}|chapter=Honeyeater and Australian Chats|page=466-9}}</ref> |
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==Systematics== |
==Systematics== |
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This group was proposed based on the [[phenetic]] [[DNA-DNA hybridization]] studies of [[Charles Sibley]] ''et al.''. A more modern definition of a monophyletic Meliphagoidea based on [[cladistic]] analysis was made by [[ornithologists]] at the [[American Museum of Natural History]].<ref>Barker, F. Keith; Barrowclough, George F. & Groth, Jeff G. (2002): A phylogenetic hypothesis for passerine birds: taxonomic and biogeographic implications of an analysis of nuclear DNA sequence data. ''[[Proceedings of the Royal Society B]]'' '''269''' (1488): 295–308. {{doi|10.1098/rspb.2001.1883}} [http://www.tc.umn.edu/~barke042/pdfs/Barker.et.al02.pdf PDF fulltext]</ref><ref>Barker, F. Keith; Cibois, Alice; Schikler, Peter A.; Feinstein, Julie & Cracraft, Joel (2004): Phylogeny and diversification of the largest avian radiation. ''[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|PNAS]]'' '''101''' (30): 11040–11045. {{doi|10.1073/pnas.0401892101}} PMID 15263073 [http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/0401892101v1.pdf PDF fulltext] [http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/0401892101/DC1 Supporting information]</ref> |
This group was proposed based on the [[phenetic]] [[DNA-DNA hybridization]] studies of [[Charles Sibley]] ''et al.''. A more modern definition of a monophyletic Meliphagoidea based on [[cladistic]] analysis was made by [[ornithologists]] at the [[American Museum of Natural History]].<ref>Barker, F. Keith; Barrowclough, George F. & Groth, Jeff G. (2002): A phylogenetic hypothesis for passerine birds: taxonomic and biogeographic implications of an analysis of nuclear DNA sequence data. ''[[Proceedings of the Royal Society B]]'' '''269''' (1488): 295–308. {{doi|10.1098/rspb.2001.1883}} [http://www.tc.umn.edu/~barke042/pdfs/Barker.et.al02.pdf PDF fulltext]</ref><ref>Barker, F. Keith; Cibois, Alice; Schikler, Peter A.; Feinstein, Julie & Cracraft, Joel (2004): Phylogeny and diversification of the largest avian radiation. ''[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|PNAS]]'' '''101''' (30): 11040–11045. {{doi|10.1073/pnas.0401892101}} PMID 15263073 [http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/0401892101v1.pdf PDF fulltext] [http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/0401892101/DC1 Supporting information]</ref> |
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| ⚫ | The [[Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy]] controversially redefines the families [[Acanthizidae]] (spinebills) and [[Dasyornithidae]] (bristlebirds) as [[subfamilies]] within the larger family [[Pardalotidae]] (pardalotes). However later work indicated that the Pardalotidae are more closely related to the [[Meliphagidae]] (honeyeaters) and could be considered a subfamily within them. The Acanthizidae have also been traditionally considered aberrant honeyeaters, and could also be considered a subfamily of [[Meliphagidae]]; however, they seem to be very ancient members of Meliphagoidea and if the pardalotes are separated as a distinct family apart from [[Meliphagidae]], the spinebills might be split off too. But some ornithologists maintain that separating the spinebills and pardalotes into separate families would mean creating two [[monotypic]] families with a mere six species in total, and so keeping the spinebills within the Meliphagidae and possibly merging the pardalotes therein as well seems to be a more sensible course of action.<ref name = j&f2006>Jønsson, Knud A. & Fjeldså, Jon (2006): A phylogenetic supertree of oscine passerine birds (Aves: Passeri). ''[[Zoologica Scripta]]'' '''35''' (2): 149–186. {{doi|10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00221.x}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | The [[Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy]] also placed the [[Petroicidae]] ([[Australasia]]n "robins") in the Meliphagoidea. This is now no longer favoured; as more recent work show that they form a distinct lineage of uncertain relationships; all that can be said at present with reasonable certainty is that the Petroicidae are neither [[Passerida]] ("advanced" songbirds) nor a very ancient songbird group.<ref name = j&f2006 /> |
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===Families=== |
===Families=== |
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*Family [[Meliphagidae]]: honeyeaters |
*Family [[Meliphagidae]]: honeyeaters |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | The [[Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy]] controversially redefines the families [[Acanthizidae]] (spinebills) and [[Dasyornithidae]] (bristlebirds) as [[subfamilies]] within the larger family [[Pardalotidae]] (pardalotes). However later work indicated that the Pardalotidae are more closely related to the [[Meliphagidae]] (honeyeaters) and could be considered a subfamily within them. The Acanthizidae have also been traditionally considered aberrant honeyeaters, and could also be considered a subfamily of [[Meliphagidae]]; however, they seem to be very ancient members of Meliphagoidea and if the pardalotes are separated as a distinct family apart from [[Meliphagidae]], the spinebills might be split off too. But some ornithologists maintain that separating the spinebills and pardalotes into separate families would mean creating two [[monotypic]] families with a mere six species in total, and so keeping the spinebills within the Meliphagidae and possibly merging the pardalotes therein as well seems to be a more sensible course of action.<ref name = j&f2006>Jønsson, Knud A. & Fjeldså, Jon (2006): A phylogenetic supertree of oscine passerine birds (Aves: Passeri). ''[[Zoologica Scripta]]'' '''35''' (2): 149–186. {{doi|10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00221.x}}</ref> |
||
| ⚫ | The [[Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy]] also placed the [[Petroicidae]] ([[Australasia]]n "robins") in the Meliphagoidea. This is now no longer favoured; as more recent work show that they form a distinct lineage of uncertain relationships; all that can be said at present with reasonable certainty is that the Petroicidae are neither [[Passerida]] ("advanced" songbirds) nor a very ancient songbird group.<ref name = j&f2006 /> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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* [http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Meliphagoidea&contgroup=Oscines Meliphagoidea] - Highlighting relationships of [[Maluridae]] on Tree Of Life Web Project |
* [http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Meliphagoidea&contgroup=Oscines Meliphagoidea] - Highlighting relationships of [[Maluridae]] on Tree Of Life Web Project |
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{{Project Bird Superfamilies}} |
{{Project Bird Superfamilies}} |
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{{Project Bird Taxonomy}} |
{{Project Bird Taxonomy}} |
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Latest revision as of 12:27, 18 October 2018
| Meliphagoidea | |
|---|---|
| File:Little Wattlebird.png | |
| Little Wattlebird (Anthochaera chrysoptera, Meliphagidae) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Clade: | Inopinaves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Suborder: | Passeri |
| Clade: | Euoscines |
| Infraorder: | Meliphagida Informal |
| Families | |
Meliphagoidea/Meliphagida is an infraorder of passerine birds. They contain a vast diversity of small to mid-sized songbirds widespread in the Austropacific region. The Australian Continent has the largest richness in genera and species.
Description
Most honeyeaters are dull green, grey or brown, with some black, white or yellow markings. Australian chats are red, yellow, or black and white, with males being more brightly coloured than females.[1]
Systematics
This group was proposed based on the phenetic DNA-DNA hybridization studies of Charles Sibley et al.. A more modern definition of a monophyletic Meliphagoidea based on cladistic analysis was made by ornithologists at the American Museum of Natural History.[2][3]
Eastern Striated Pardalote, Pardalotus striatus ornatus.
Their molecular and morphological plesiomorphy has long misled researchers about the pardalotes' affiliations.
The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy controversially redefines the families Acanthizidae (spinebills) and Dasyornithidae (bristlebirds) as subfamilies within the larger family Pardalotidae (pardalotes). However later work indicated that the Pardalotidae are more closely related to the Meliphagidae (honeyeaters) and could be considered a subfamily within them. The Acanthizidae have also been traditionally considered aberrant honeyeaters, and could also be considered a subfamily of Meliphagidae; however, they seem to be very ancient members of Meliphagoidea and if the pardalotes are separated as a distinct family apart from Meliphagidae, the spinebills might be split off too. But some ornithologists maintain that separating the spinebills and pardalotes into separate families would mean creating two monotypic families with a mere six species in total, and so keeping the spinebills within the Meliphagidae and possibly merging the pardalotes therein as well seems to be a more sensible course of action.[4]
The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy also placed the Petroicidae (Australasian "robins") in the Meliphagoidea. This is now no longer favoured; as more recent work show that they form a distinct lineage of uncertain relationships; all that can be said at present with reasonable certainty is that the Petroicidae are neither Passerida ("advanced" songbirds) nor a very ancient songbird group.[4]
Families
- Family Maluridae: fairy-wrens, emu-wrens and grasswrens
- Family Dasyornithidae: bristlebirds. Formerly in Acanthizidae.
- Family Acanthizidae: scrubwrens, thornbills and gerygones
- Family Meliphagidae: honeyeaters
References
- ^ Clark, Michael, and Wooller, Ron D. (2003). "Honeyeater and Australian Chats". In Christopher Perrins. Firefly Encyclopedia of Birds. Firefly Books. ISBN 1-55297-777-3.
- ^ Barker, F. Keith; Barrowclough, George F. & Groth, Jeff G. (2002): A phylogenetic hypothesis for passerine birds: taxonomic and biogeographic implications of an analysis of nuclear DNA sequence data. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 269 (1488): 295–308. doi:10.1098/rspb.2001.1883 PDF fulltext
- ^ Barker, F. Keith; Cibois, Alice; Schikler, Peter A.; Feinstein, Julie & Cracraft, Joel (2004): Phylogeny and diversification of the largest avian radiation. PNAS 101 (30): 11040–11045. doi:10.1073/pnas.0401892101 PMID 15263073 PDF fulltext Supporting information
- ^ a b Jønsson, Knud A. & Fjeldså, Jon (2006): A phylogenetic supertree of oscine passerine birds (Aves: Passeri). Zoologica Scripta 35 (2): 149–186. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00221.x
External links
- Meliphagoidea - Highlighting relationships of Maluridae on Tree Of Life Web Project
Template:Project Bird Superfamilies
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This article is part of Project Bird Taxonomy, a All Birds project that aims to write comprehensive articles on every order, family and other taxonomic rank related to birds. |