All Birds Wiki
Don't have an account?
Register
Register
All Birds Wiki
All Birds Wiki
15,482
pages
in: IUCN Red List least concern species, Animals, Bilateria,
and 21 more

Changes: Ruff

Back to page
Sign in to edit
mNo edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
  +
{{speciesbox
−
{{Taxobox
  
 
| name = Ruff
  
| name = Ruff
 
| status = LC
  
| status = LC
 
| status_system = IUCN3.1
  
| status_system = IUCN3.1
 
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{IUCN|id=22693468 |title=''Philomachus pugnax'' |assessors=[[BirdLife International]] |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}}</ref>
  
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{IUCN|id=22693468 |title=''Philomachus pugnax'' |assessors=[[BirdLife International]] |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}}</ref>
−
| image = Philomachus pugnax -Diergaarde Blijdorp-8c.jpg
 +
| image = Ruff male.png
 
| image_alt = Two male Ruff in breeding plumage each with prominent neck feathers, white underparts, and flanks blotched with black. One has a white neck collar of feathers and the other has a colour that is almost entirely very dark brown.
  
| image_alt = Two male Ruff in breeding plumage each with prominent neck feathers, white underparts, and flanks blotched with black. One has a white neck collar of feathers and the other has a colour that is almost entirely very dark brown.
 
| image_caption = Males in breeding plumage in the Netherlands
  
| image_caption = Males in breeding plumage in the Netherlands
−
| image_width=300px
 +
| image_width=250px
−
| image2 = Ruff female RWD.jpg
+
| image2 = Ruff female.png
 
| image2_caption = Breeding female
  
| image2_caption = Breeding female
−
| image2_width=300px
 +
| image2_width=250px
−
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
 +
| genus = Calidris
  ⚫
| species = pugnax
−
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
  
−
| classis = [[bird|Aves]]
 +
| authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758)
  +
| synonyms = ''Philomachus pugnax''<br>''Tringa pugnax''
−
| ordo = [[Charadriiformes]]
  
−
| familia = [[Scolopacidae]]
  
−
| genus = ''[[Calidris]]''
  
−
| genus_authority =
 
⚫
| species = '''''C. pugnax'''''
  
−
| binomial = ''Calidris pugnax''
  
−
| binomial_authority = ???
  
 
| range_map = Philomachuspugnaxmap.png
  
| range_map = Philomachuspugnaxmap.png
  ⚫
| range_map_alt =Generally Ruffs migrate north and breed in the northern hemisphere from about May to August, and generally at the end of the breeding season they migrate south and spend several months the Sub-Tropics before migrating north again
−
| range_map_width = 250px
  
  +
| range_map_caption = Range of ''P. pugnax'' {{leftlegend|#E7E900|Breeding summer visitor|outline=gray}}{{leftlegend|#00C600|Present all year|outline=gray}}{{leftlegend|#0081DA|Non-breeding range|outline=gray}}
⚫
| range_map_alt =Generally Ruffs migrate north and breed in the northern hemisphere from about May to August, and generally at the end of the breeding season they migrate south and spend several months the Sub-Tropics before migrating north again | range_map_caption = {{Legend2|#FFFF00|Breeding summer visitor|border=1px solid #aaa}}<br /> {{Legend2|#007D1D|Present all year |border=1px solid #aaa}}<br /> {{Legend2|#0080FF|Non-breeding range|border=1px solid #aaa}}
  
 
}}
  
}}
  +
   
 
The '''Ruff''' (''Calidris pugnax'') is a medium-sized [[wader|wading bird]] that breeds in [[marsh]]es and wet [[meadow]]s across northern [[Eurasia]]. This highly [[gregarious]] [[Scolopacidae|sandpiper]] is [[bird migration|migratory]] and sometimes forms huge flocks in its winter grounds, which include southern and western Europe, Africa, southern Asia and Australia. It is in the genus ''Calidris''<ref name=Chesser>{{cite journal|author=Chesser, R. Terry, Richard C. Banks, F. Keith Barker, Carla Cicero, Jon L. Dunn, Andrew W. Kratter, Irby J. Lovette, Pamela C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, James D. Rising, Douglas F. Stotz, Kevin Winker|year= 2011|title= Fifty-fourth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-List of North American Birds|journal= Auk |volume=130|issue=3|pages=558-571|doi=10.1525/auk.2013.130.3.558}}</ref>, and the [[Broad-billed Sandpiper|Broad-billed]] and [[Sharp-tailed Sandpiper]]s are its closest relatives.
  
The '''Ruff''' (''Calidris pugnax'') is a medium-sized [[wader|wading bird]] that breeds in [[marsh]]es and wet [[meadow]]s across northern [[Eurasia]]. This highly [[gregarious]] [[Scolopacidae|sandpiper]] is [[bird migration|migratory]] and sometimes forms huge flocks in its winter grounds, which include southern and western Europe, Africa, southern Asia and Australia. It is in the genus ''Calidris''<ref name=Chesser>{{cite journal|author=Chesser, R. Terry, Richard C. Banks, F. Keith Barker, Carla Cicero, Jon L. Dunn, Andrew W. Kratter, Irby J. Lovette, Pamela C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, James D. Rising, Douglas F. Stotz, Kevin Winker|year= 2011|title= Fifty-fourth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-List of North American Birds|journal= Auk |volume=130|issue=3|pages=558-571|doi=10.1525/auk.2013.130.3.558}}</ref>, and the [[Broad-billed Sandpiper|Broad-billed]] and [[Sharp-tailed Sandpiper]]s are its closest relatives.

Revision as of 03:57, 9 March 2018

Ruff
Two male Ruff in breeding plumage each with prominent neck feathers, white underparts, and flanks blotched with black. One has a white neck collar of feathers and the other has a colour that is almost entirely very dark brown.
Males in breeding plumage in the Netherlands
File:Ruff female.png
Breeding female
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Clade: Aequorlitornithes
Order: Charadriiformes
Suborder: Limicoli
Family: Scolopacidae
Genus: Calidris
Species: C. pugnax
Binomial name
Calidris pugnax
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Generally Ruffs migrate north and breed in the northern hemisphere from about May to August, and generally at the end of the breeding season they migrate south and spend several months the Sub-Tropics before migrating north again
Range of P. pugnax      Breeding summer visitor     Present all year     Non-breeding range
Synonyms

Philomachus pugnax
Tringa pugnax


The Ruff (Calidris pugnax) is a medium-sized wading bird that breeds in marshes and wet meadows across northern Eurasia. This highly gregarious sandpiper is migratory and sometimes forms huge flocks in its winter grounds, which include southern and western Europe, Africa, southern Asia and Australia. It is in the genus Calidris[2], and the Broad-billed and Sharp-tailed Sandpipers are its closest relatives.

Other names

The female is called a Reeve.[3]

Description

Breeding males are unmistakable but variable. In moult males have non-breeding type plumage splattered with dark blotches on the breast.[3]

In flight, it shows a narrow white bar on upperwing and prominent white sides to long uppertail coverts.[3]

Similar species

Behaviour

Diet

Calls

They are usually silent but may give a low kuk in flight.

Reproduction

Large numbers of males gather in leks to display their spreading ruffs, jumping and jostling or standing motionless in an effort to attract reeves.[3]

Distribution/habitat

They inhabit coastal tundra, marsh fringes, and damp meadows. In non-breeding, they frequent lakes, pools, river margins, wet grasslands, and marshes.[3]

References

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Philomachus pugnax". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013. 
  2. ^ Chesser, R. Terry, Richard C. Banks, F. Keith Barker, Carla Cicero, Jon L. Dunn, Andrew W. Kratter, Irby J. Lovette, Pamela C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, James D. Rising, Douglas F. Stotz, Kevin Winker (2011). "Fifty-fourth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-List of North American Birds". Auk. 130 (3): 558–571. doi:10.1525/auk.2013.130.3.558. 
  3. ^ a b c d e Arlott, Norman (2009). A Field Guide to the Birds of the Palearctic Non-Passerines. Harper Collins Publishers Ltd. ISBN 9780007155651. 

External links

Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.