Serinus | |
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File:Rune i bokhyllan 6.png | |
A domesticated S. canaria | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Clade: | Inopinaves |
Order: | Passeriformes |
Suborder: | Passeri |
Clade: | Nine-primaried oscines |
Family: | Fringillidae |
Subfamily: | Carduelinae |
Tribe: | Carduelini |
Genus: | Serinus Koch, 1816 |
The genus Serinus is a large genus of birds in the finch family Fringillidae found mostly in the Afrotropical region with some outlying species in Europe and Asia. The genus contains several species groups including canaries, seedeaters and the African siskins. The majority of species are small to medium sized birds with green and yellow, often streaky plumage though there are a few notable exceptions.
The treatment of the Canary group as a single genus has been subject to much debate, with behavioural and vocal characters being used to divide it into seven or more genera. Recent investigations using part of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene have suggested the genus consists of two main clades (Serinus sensu stricto and Crithagra) separated by certain members of the genus Carduelis, and these may be better treated as two separate genera. Species in the Crithagra clade could conceivably be split further into several more (sub)genera and may well be once relationships within the clade are better resolved. In the list below they are arranged in the groups as suggested in various publications e.g.(Elzen et al.) and (Ryan et al.).
Serinus sensu stricto
- Island Canary / Atlantic Canary, Serinus canaria
- European Serin, Serinus serinus
- Syrian Serin, Serinus syriacus
- Red-fronted Serin, Serinus pusillus
- Ethiopian Siskin, Serinus nigriceps
- Black-headed Canary, Serinus alario
- Yellow-crowned Canary, Serinus flavivertex
- Cape Canary, Serinus canicollis
Formerly in Serinus
Genus Chionomitris
- Tibetan Serin, Chionomitris thibetanus
Genus Crithagra
- Thick-billed Seedeater, Serinus burtoni
- Protea Seedeater / Protea Canary, Serinus leucoptera
- Kipengere Seedeater, Crithagra melanochroa
- Streaky Seedeater, Serinus striolata
- Yellow-browed Seedeater, Crithagra whytii
- White-throated Canary, Serinus albogularis
- Brimstone Canary, Serinus sulphurata
- Yellow Canary, Serinus flaviventris
- Northern Grosbeak-Canary, Serinus donaldsoni
- Southern Grosbeak-Canary, Serinus buchanani
- Brown-rumped Seedeater, Serinus tristriata
- Reichard's Seedeater, Serinus reichardi
- Black-eared Seedeater, Serinus mennelli
- West African Seedeater, Crithagra canicapilla
- Streaky-headed Seedeater, Serinus gularis
- Principe Seedeater, Crithagra rufobrunnea
- Sao Tome Grosbeak, Crithagra concolor
- Black-faced Canary, Serinus capistrata
Dendrospiza group
- African Citril, Serinus citrinelloides
- Papyrus Canary, Serinus koliensis
- Forest Canary, Serinus scotops
Ochrospiza group
- White-rumped Seedeater, Serinus leucopygius
- Yemen Serin, Serinus menachensis
- Arabian Serin, Serinus rothschildi
- Yellow-throated Seedeater, Serinus flavigula
- Salvadori's Seedeater, Serinus xantholaemus
- Black-throated Canary, Serinus atrogularis
- Yellow-rumped Serin, Serinus xanthopygius
- Lemon-breasted Seedeater, Serinus citrinipectus
- Yellow-fronted Canary, Serinus mozambicus
- White-bellied Canary, Serinus dorsostriatus
Pseudochloroptila group
- Cape Siskin, Serinus totta
- Drakensberg Siskin, Serinus symonsi
Group uncertain
- Principe Seedeater, Serinus rufobrunneus
- Oriole Finch, Linurgus olivaceus
Genus uncertain
These species may be related to various groups currently classified as members of Carduelis:
- Mountain Serin, Serinus estherae
- Ankober Serin, Serinus ankoberensis
The Citril Finch and the Corsican Finch are now placed in the genus Carduelis as Carduelis citrinella and Carduelis corsicana (Arnaiz-Villena et al., 1998).
References
- Arnaiz-Villena A.; Alvarez-Tejado M.; Ruiz-del-Valle V.; García-de-la-Torre C.; Varela P.; Recio M. J.; Ferre S.; Martinez-Laso J. (1999)."Rapid Radiation of Canaries (Genus Serinus)"(PDF). Mol. Biol. Evol. 16:2–11.
- Arnaiz-Villena, A.; Álvarez-Tejado, M.; Ruiz-del-Valle, V.; García-de-la-Torre, C.; Varela, P.; Recio, M. J.; Ferre. S. & Martínez-Laso, J. (1998). "Phylogeny and rapid Northern and Southern Hemisphere speciation of goldfinches during the Miocene and Pliocene Epochs"(PDF). Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 54: 1031–1041. (erratum, PDF erratum)
- Arnaiz-Villena, A., Moscoso, J., Ruiz-del-Valle, V., Gonzalez, J., Reguera, R., Wink, M., I. Serrano-Vela, J. (2007). "Bayesian phylogeny of Fringillinae birds: status of the singular African oriole finch Linurgus olivaceus and evolution and heterogeneity of the genus Carpodacus"(PDF). Acta Zoologica Sinica 53(5): 826-834.
- Elzen, R. van den & H. Nemeschkal (1991): Radiation in African canaries (Carduelidae): A comparison of different classificatory approaches. - Acta XX. Congr. Intern. Orn., Christchurch 1990: 459 - 467.
- Ryan, P.G.; Wright, D.; Oatley, G.; Wakeling, J.; Cohen, C.; Nowell, T.L.; Bowie, R.C.K.; Ward, V. & Crowe, T.M. 2004. Systematics of Serinus canaries and the status of Cape and Yellow-crowned Canaries inferred from mtDNA and morphology. Ostrich 75:288-294.
External links
- Serin videos, photos and sounds on the Internet Bird Collection
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